Product classification
Alloy elbow
- 产品描述
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Alloy elbows are mainly used as connecting fittings in pipeline installation, for connecting at pipe bends. Connect two pipes with the same nominal diameter and make a 90 ° or other angle turn in the pipeline. Alloy elbow is a general term for various types of elbows, which have a variety of materials, including carbon steel, manganese steel, nickel steel, etc. Alloy elbows have a wide range of applications. Ordinary bronze alloy elbows are common in general water pipes, but with the improvement of living standards, many water pipes have switched to stainless steel elbows. Manganese steel alloy elbows are commonly used in pipelines with severe wear and tear, such as concrete conveying pipelines and mud conveying pipelines, due to their excellent performance in withstanding impact, compression, and material wear and tear. High manganese steel alloy elbows are used in pipelines with intense fluid flow and strong impact; Alloy elbows made of nickel steel are usually used in pipelines with high concentrations of oxidizing acids (nitric acid, sulfuric acid) at room temperature, but they will be severely corroded in pipelines with reducing acids (hydrochloric acid, dilute sulfuric acid, etc.), unless the concentration of hydrochloric acid is very low; Martensitic alloy elbows have high temperature strength, oxidation resistance, and water vapor corrosion resistance below 650 ℃, but their weldability is poor. Therefore, it is often used in high-temperature steam transmission pipelines and water gas pipelines. Executive standards: GB/T12459-2005, GB/T13401, GB/T10752-1999.
Hot push forming
The hot push elbow forming process uses a dedicated elbow pushing machine, core mold, and heating device to make the billet on the mold move forward under the push of the pushing machine, and is heated, expanded, and bent into shape during the movement. The deformation characteristics of hot pushed elbows are determined based on the law that the volume of the metal material remains unchanged before and after plastic deformation. The diameter of the pipe blank used is smaller than the diameter of the elbow. The deformation process of the blank is controlled by the core mold, allowing the compressed metal at the inner arc to flow and compensate for the thinning of other parts due to expansion, thus obtaining an elbow with uniform wall thickness.
The hot push elbow forming process has the characteristics of beautiful appearance, uniform wall thickness, and continuous operation, which is suitable for large-scale production. Therefore, it has become the main forming method for carbon steel and alloy steel elbows, and is also applied in the forming of certain specifications of stainless steel elbows.
The heating methods used in the forming process include medium frequency or high frequency induction heating (heating coils can be multiple or single coils), flame heating, and reflection furnace heating. The choice of heating method depends on the requirements of the formed product and the energy situation.Stamping forming
Stamping forming elbow is the earliest forming process applied to mass production of seamless elbows. It has been replaced by hot extrusion or other forming processes in the production of commonly used specifications of elbows. However, in some specifications of elbows, the production quantity is small, and the wall thickness is too thick or too thin.
Still in use when there are special requirements for the product. The stamping forming of the elbow adopts a pipe blank that is equal to the outer diameter of the elbow, and is directly pressed into shape in the mold using a press.
Before stamping, the tube blank is placed on the lower mold, and the inner core and end mold are loaded into the tube blank. The upper mold moves downward to start pressing, and the elbow is formed by the constraint of the outer mold and the support of the inner mold.
Compared with hot pressing technology, the appearance quality of stamping forming is not as good as the former; The outer arc of the stamped elbow is in a stretched state during forming, and there is no extra metal in other parts to compensate, so the wall thickness at the outer arc is reduced by about 10%. However, due to its suitability for single piece production and low cost, the stamping elbow process is often used for the manufacturing of small batch, thick walled elbows.
Stamped elbows are divided into two types: cold stamping and hot stamping, which are usually selected based on material properties and equipment capabilities.
The forming process of cold extrusion elbows involves using a dedicated elbow forming machine to place the pipe blank into the outer mold. After the upper and lower molds are closed, the pipe blank moves along the gap reserved by the inner and outer molds under the push of the push rod to complete the forming process.
The elbow manufactured by internal and external cold extrusion technology has a beautiful appearance, uniform wall thickness, and small size deviation. Therefore, this process is often used for the formation of stainless steel elbows, especially thin-walled stainless steel elbows. The precision requirements for the inner and outer molds used in this process are high; The requirements for wall thickness deviation of the pipe blank are also quite strict.
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